European Space Agency (ESA)

This astronaut visited the International Space Station.

ISS Visitor

This astronaut crossed the Kármán Line (100 km), the internationally accepted boundary of space.

Crossed Kármán Line

This astronaut has spent over a month in space.

Space Resident

Soyuz TMA-03M

Soyuz TMA-03M ferried three members of the Expedition 30 crew to the International Space Station.

Soyuz is a human-carrying capsule built and operated by Russia, capable of transporting up to three people to the Space Station at a time. It has been upgraded numerous times since its first use in the 1960s for the Soviet lunar program and was the only crewed vehicle for the Station from 2011 to 2020.

Soyuz

Soyuz TMA-4

Soyuz TMA-4 ferried the two-person Expedition 9 crew to and from the International Space Station. ESA astronaut Kuipers joined for a short duration mission, returning to Earth on Soyuz TMA-3.

André Kuipers

Netherlands

Roscosmos

This astronaut is in the top 5% for total spacewalking time.

Elite Spacewalker

This astronaut is in the top 5% for total time in space.

Elite Spaceflyer

This astronaut is in the top 5% for number of space walks.

Frequent Walker

Soyuz TMA-16M

Soyuz TMA-16M ferried three members of the Expedition 43 crew to the International Space Station. This mission launch the "Year In Space" flight of Kelly and Kornienko on the Station. Padalka landed after a six-month mission on the ISS. The flight also landed ESA astronaut Andreas Mogensen and Kazakh cosmonaut Aimbetov.

Soyuz TM-28

This was a crew transportation mission to and from the Mir space station. It brought the EO-25 long duration crew to the station.

Soyuz TMA-14

Soyuz TMA-14 ferried part of the Expedition 19 crew to and from the International Space Station. Space Tourist Simonyi joined for a short duration mission, returning to Earth on Soyuz TMA-13.

Soyuz TMA-04M

Soyuz TMA-04M ferried three members of the Expedition 31 crew to the International Space Station.

Gennady Padalka

Russia

NASA

STS-113 (Endeavour)

Endeavour rotated the Expedition 5 and 6 International Space Station crews and delivered the P1 truss to the ISS. Construction of the ISS was halted after this mission and did not resume until 2006 due to the loss of Space Shuttle Columbia and her seven-person crew on the next Shuttle flight. After four days of landing delays because of weather, this mission holds the record for most delayed landing attempts of a human spaceflight.

The first reusable launch and landing spacecraft, the Space Shuttle began a new chapter of human space exploration. It launched like a rocket but landed on a runway like a plane. Shuttle crews deployed dozens of commercial satellites and two interplanetary probes to Venus and Jupiter. The Shuttle served as a mini space station and hosted hundreds of biomedical, psychological, physiological, materials science, and physics experiments that have directly benefited life on Earth. The five flight-worthy Shuttles -- Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavour -- flew 135 missions over 30 years. The Shuttles helped construct the Russian Mir space station and brought nearly 80% of the International Space Station to orbit. Shuttles also deployed and serviced the Hubble Space Telescope.

Space Shuttle

Soyuz MS-26

United States of America

Roscosmos launched two Russian cosmonauts and a NASA astronaut to the Rassvet module of the International Space Station.

STS-126 (Endeavour)

This resupply and logistics run to the International Space Station delivered all the equipment needed to expand the ISS's crew size from three people to six, conducted repairs to huge rotary joints that allow the ISS's solar arrays to track the Sun, and rotated an ISS crewmember.

Donald Pettit

Soyuz TMA-13

Soyuz TMA-13 ferried part of the Expedition 18 crew to and from the International Space Station. Space Tourist Garriott joined for a short duration mission, returning to Earth on Soyuz TMA-12.

SpaceX

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

SpaceX Crew-11

Japan

SpaceX flew NASA astronauts, a JAXA astronaut, and a Russian cosmonaut to the International Space Station aboard Dragon.

Crew Dragon is the first privately built and operated orbital spacecraft capable of flying humans. As a reusable SpaceX capsule, it transports crew members to and from the International Space Station. It will also carry paying customers to the Station and low Earth orbit. While it typically accommodates a crew of four, this number can vary depending on the mission.

Crew Dragon

STS-134 (Endeavour)

The 25th and final flight of Space Shuttle Endeavour. The mission coincidentally launched on the 19th anniversary of Endeavour landing on her maiden voyage in 1992. This flight saw the crew deliver the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer antimatter detector experiment and an external spares pallet to the International Space Station. The mission marked "Assembly Complete" for NASA's portion of the ISS with the transfer of Endeavour's heatshield scanning boom to the ISS to extend the reach of Canadarm2. This marked the final time a non-American flew on the Space Shuttle. Endeavour landed on June 1st, 2011, becoming the second Shuttle to retire. She spent a total of 299 days in space, traveled 197,761,262 km, and carried 173 crewmembers across a 19-year career.

Mike Fincke

This astronaut holds the record for the most time spent in space.

The astronaut has spent over three years in space.

This astronaut is in the top 5% for number of missions.

Frequent Flyer

Soyuz MS-24

Belarus Space Agency

Soyuz MS-25

Belarus

Roscosmos launched a Russian cosmonaut, a NASA astronaut, and a Belarusian astronaut to the Rassvet module of the International Space Station.

Soyuz TMA-17M

Soyuz TMA-17M ferried three members of the Expedition 44 crew to the International Space Station.

Soyuz MS-11

This was a critical International Space Station crew launch ferrying three people to the outpost. When the Soyuz MS-10 in-flight failure occurred two months earlier, it left the ISS in a precarious position: the three crew on the outpost had to come home by late-December or they would exceed the on-orbit time limit for their Soyuz MS-09 craft. That meant this mission's planned late-December launch had to be advanced to early-December, and teams back on the ground had to quickly discover and fix the cause of the Soyuz MS-10 failure or they'd risk having to de-crew the entire ISS. A fix was identified, implemented, and tested within six weeks, allowing this mission to fly early.

Soyuz TMA-12

Soyuz TMA-12 ferried part of the Expedition 17 crew to and from the International Space Station. South Korean astronaut So-Yeon joined for a short duration mission, returning to Earth on Soyuz TMA-11.

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