Roscosmos

This astronaut visited the International Space Station.

Station Visitor

This astronaut crossed the Kármán Line (100 km), the internationally accepted boundary of space.

Crossed Kármán Line

This astronaut has spent over a month in space.

Space Resident

Roscosmos cosmonaut Nikolai Chub has passions for flying and hiking. Born in 1984 in the south of Russia, he holds several records for wingsuit flying in Europe and his native country. Like many space travelers, Nikolai dreamed of space all his life. He became a cosmonaut when he was only 28 years old. Since then, this computer engineer and parachutist has completed winter, desert and mountain survival trainings. Caption courtesy of ESA.

Soyuz MS-25

Roscosmos launched a Russian cosmonaut, a NASA astronaut, and a Belarusian astronaut to the Rassvet module of the International Space Station.

Soyuz is a human-carrying capsule built and operated by Russia, capable of transporting up to three people to the Space Station at a time. It has been upgraded numerous times since its first use in the 1960s for the Soviet lunar program and was the only crewed vehicle for the Station from 2011 to 2020.

Soyuz

Soyuz MS-24

Nikolai Chub

Russia

Expedition 69 - ISS Poisk EVA 5

Expedition 69 - ISS Poisk EVA 7

NASA

ISS Visitor

STS-118 (Endeavour)

This Space Shuttle flight fulfilled the Challenger mission goal of putting a teacher in space when Barbara Morgan, Christa McAuliffe's backup, flew on the Shuttle built to take Challenger's place. Morgan recorded lessons and talked to school kids during the flight in addition to her duties on the mission. The flight delivered supplies and the S5 spacer truss to the International Space Station and continued the electrical rewiring of the outpost.

The first reusable launch and landing spacecraft, the Space Shuttle began a new chapter of human space exploration. It launched like a rocket but landed on a runway like a plane. Shuttle crews deployed dozens of commercial satellites and two interplanetary probes to Venus and Jupiter. The Shuttle served as a mini space station and hosted hundreds of biomedical, psychological, physiological, materials science, and physics experiments that have directly benefited life on Earth. The five flight-worthy Shuttles -- Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavour -- flew 135 missions over 30 years. The Shuttles helped construct the Russian Mir space station and brought nearly 80% of the International Space Station to orbit. Shuttles also deployed and serviced the Hubble Space Telescope.

Space Shuttle

Belarus Space Agency

United States of America

Belarus

Soyuz TMA-18

Soyuz TMA-18 ferried three members of the Expedition 23 crew to the International Space Station.

Tracy C. Dyson

This astronaut holds the record for the most time spent in space.

Elite Spaceflyer

The astronaut has spent over three years in space.

This astronaut is in the top 5% for total spacewalking time.

Elite Spacewalker

This astronaut is in the top 5% for number of missions.

Frequent Flyer

Soyuz TMA-03M

Soyuz TMA-03M ferried three members of the Expedition 30 crew to the International Space Station.

Soyuz TMA-17M

Soyuz TMA-17M ferried three members of the Expedition 44 crew to the International Space Station.

Soyuz MS-11

This was a critical International Space Station crew launch ferrying three people to the outpost. When the Soyuz MS-10 in-flight failure occurred two months earlier, it left the ISS in a precarious position: the three crew on the outpost had to come home by late-December or they would exceed the on-orbit time limit for their Soyuz MS-09 craft. That meant this mission's planned late-December launch had to be advanced to early-December, and teams back on the ground had to quickly discover and fix the cause of the Soyuz MS-10 failure or they'd risk having to de-crew the entire ISS. A fix was identified, implemented, and tested within six weeks, allowing this mission to fly early.

Soyuz TMA-12

Soyuz TMA-12 ferried part of the Expedition 17 crew to and from the International Space Station. South Korean astronaut So-Yeon joined for a short duration mission, returning to Earth on Soyuz TMA-11.

Oleg Kononenko

This astronaut is in the top 5% for total time in space.

Soyuz MS-18

Soyuz TMA-06M

Soyuz TMA-06M ferried three members of the Expedition 33 crew to the International Space Station.

Soyuz MS-03

Soyuz MS-03 took three members of the Expedition 50 crew to the International Space Station. Whitson remained on the ISS after Soyuz MS-03's mission was complete and landed with the Soyuz MS-04

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