NASA

SpaceX

This astronaut has spent over a month in space.

Space Resident

This astronaut crossed the Kármán Line (100 km), the internationally accepted boundary of space.

Crossed Kármán Line

This astronaut visited the International Space Station.

ISS Visitor

This astronaut became one of four astronauts who have journeyed farthest from Earth.

Journeyed Farthest from Earth

This astronaut became the first person of color to fly around the Moon.

First Person of Color Around the Moon

Moon Flyer

﻿Victor J. Glover, Jr. was selected as an astronaut in 2013 while serving as a Legislative Fellow in the United States Senate.  He most recently served as pilot and second-in-command on the Crew-1 SpaceX Crew Dragon, named Resilience, which landed May 2, 2021. It is the first post-certification mission of SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft – the second crewed flight for that vehicle – and a long duration mission aboard the International Space Station. He served as Flight Engineer on the International Space Station for Expedition 64. Glover has been assigned as Pilot of NASA’s Artemis II mission. Courtesy of NASA.

Artemis II

NASA launched four astronauts on a 10-day lunar flyby mission. Artemis II tested the Orion spacecraft’s life-support systems and validated the capabilities and techniques needed for humans to live and work in deep space.  

The Orion spacecraft is NASA’s advanced crew vehicle designed for deep space missions beyond low Earth orbit. As a reusable capsule, it will carry astronauts to the Moon, Mars, and other destinations, providing life support and safe re-entry. Orion typically accommodates a crew of four but can be configured for different mission needs. It is a central part of NASA’s Artemis program, aiming to return humans to the lunar surface and expand exploration into the solar system.

Orion

SpaceX Crew-1

Crew-1 was SpaceX's first operational crew rotation mission to the ISS. The vehicle carried three Americans and one Japanese astronaut to the Station. This was the first time an international astronaut flew on a US spacecraft since Shuttle Endeavour (STS-134) in May 2011.

Crew Dragon is the first privately built and operated orbital spacecraft capable of flying humans. As a reusable SpaceX capsule, it transports crew members to and from the International Space Station. It will also carry paying customers to the Station and low Earth orbit. While it typically accommodates a crew of four, this number can vary depending on the mission.

Crew Dragon

Victor J. Glover

United States of America

Expedition 64 ISS Quest EVA 3

Expedition 64 ISS Quest EVA 6

Expedition 64 ISS Quest EVA 2

Expedition 64 ISS Quest EVA 4

NASDA

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

Soyuz TMA-17

Soyuz TMA-17 ferried three members of the Expedition 22 crew to the International Space Station.

Soyuz is a human-carrying capsule built and operated by Russia, capable of transporting up to three people to the Space Station at a time. It has been upgraded numerous times since its first use in the 1960s for the Soviet lunar program and was the only crewed vehicle for the Station from 2011 to 2020.

Soyuz

STS-114 (Discovery)

Japan

Australia

STS-114 was the first of two Return to Flight missions following the STS-107 Columbia disaster and the second time Space Shuttle Discovery was used for a Return to Flight mission, the first being STS-26 after the Challenger accident. Coincidentally, STS-114 launched at the exact same local time, 10:39:00 a.m. Eastern, as Columbia had on STS-107. It was also the second Shuttle flight commanded by a woman, Eileen Collins, who had previously commanded STS-93. During the mission, Discovery’s crew resupplied the International Space Station, tested new safety upgrades and procedures, and conducted the first ever in space repair of a Shuttle's heat shield. However, a large foam shedding event during launch showed that NASA had not fully resolved the issue that led to Columbia’s loss. As a result, the Shuttle fleet was grounded again. Further delays followed after Hurricane Katrina damaged NASA’s Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans, where External Tanks were built, resulting in a yearlong pause in Shuttle flights until STS-121 in July 2006.

The first reusable launch and landing spacecraft, the Space Shuttle began a new chapter of human space exploration. It launched like a rocket but landed on a runway like a plane. Shuttle crews deployed dozens of commercial satellites and two interplanetary probes to Venus and Jupiter. The Shuttle served as a mini space station and hosted hundreds of biomedical, psychological, physiological, materials science, and physics experiments that have directly benefited life on Earth. The five flight-worthy Shuttles -- Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavour -- flew 135 missions over 30 years. The Shuttles helped construct the Russian Mir space station and brought nearly 80% of the International Space Station to orbit. Shuttles also deployed and serviced the Hubble Space Telescope.

Space Shuttle

Sôichi Noguchi

Soyuz TMA-19

Soyuz TMA-19 ferried three members of the Expedition 24 crew to the International Space Station.

Shannon Walker

Soyuz TMA-10M

Soyuz TMA-10M ferried three members of the Expedition 37 crew to the International Space Station.

Michael S. Hopkins

Canadian Space Agency (CSA)

European Space Agency (ESA)

Northrop Grumman

United Launch Alliance (ULA)

Boeing

Lockheed Martin

Canada

European Union

Soyuz TMA-13M

Soyuz TMA-13M ferried three members of the Expedition 40 crew to the International Space Station.

Reid Wiseman

This astronaut is in the top 5% for total spacewalking time.

Elite Spacewalker

This astronaut became the first woman to fly around the Moon.

First Woman Around the Moon

Soyuz MS-12

This three-person International Space Station crew mission saw the relaunch of the two crewmembers from the aborted Soyuz MS-10 flight six months prior. They were joined on this flight by NASA astronaut Christina Koch who, after launching for a six-month mission, ended up staying on the ISS for a year and breaking the longest single-spaceflight record for a woman by more than two months. Hazza Al Mansouri landed on this mission after launching on Soyuz MS-15. If you ask Russia and NASA what spaceflight number this was for Ovchinin and Hague, you'd get a different answer.  Russia uses the internationally recognized Kármán line at 100 km as the marker of where space begins and NASA uses the US-only 80 km mark. Thus, on Soyuz MS-10, Russia does not consider Ovchinin and Hague to have reached space, but NASA does. This is either Hague's first or second spaceflight and Ovchinin second or third... depending on who you ask.

Christina H. Koch

This astronaut became the first Canadian to fly around the Moon

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